A PharmD is allowed to prescribe medications under which of the following circumstances?

A PharmD, or Doctor of Pharmacy, is permitted to prescribe medications specifically under collaborative practice agreements. These agreements establish a formal relationship between a pharmacist and other healthcare providers, allowing pharmacists to engage in direct patient care, which can include the prescribing of medications. This framework is designed to enhance patient care by making use of the pharmacist's expertise in medication management.

In collaborative practice agreements, the pharmacist typically works alongside a physician or other healthcare providers to manage patient therapy effectively. These agreements outline the scope of practice, which often includes the authority to initiate, modify, or discontinue medication therapy for patients, depending on the specific terms agreed upon. This collaborative approach leverages the pharmacist’s advanced training and knowledge to improve therapeutic outcomes and ensure safe medication use.

The other responses suggest limitations or conditions that are not generally applicable to the practice of pharmacy. For instance, the scenario that allows for prescription only of controlled drugs does not reflect the broader capability provided under collaborative agreements. Prescribing without limitations would not adhere to the regulated practices established for healthcare providers. Lastly, prescribing only in hospital settings ignores the broad range of practice environments—PharmDs can operate in various settings including community pharmacies, clinics, and other healthcare facilities under the terms of collaborative agreements.